LAST UPDATED: DECEMBER 14, 2020
Java 11 HTTP Client API
Java 11 added a new module java.net.http and a package java.net.http to define the HTTP Client and WebSocket APIs.
This package contains several classes and interfaces to provide high-level client interfaces to HTTP and low-level client interfaces to WebSocket.
We can use these classes and interface to sent synchronous or asynchronous requests.
List of Interfaces
The following are the interfaces of the java.net.http package and can be used to handle client requests and responses.
|
Interface
|
Description
|
|
HttpClient.Builder
|
A builder of HTTP Clients.
|
|
HttpRequest.BodyPublisher
|
A BodyPublisher converts high-level Java objects into a flow of byte buffers suitable for sending as a request body.
|
|
HttpRequest.Builder
|
A builder of HTTP requests.
|
|
HttpResponse<T>
|
An HTTP response.
|
|
HttpResponse.BodyHandler<T>
|
A handler for response bodies.
|
|
HttpResponse.BodySubscriber<T>
|
A BodySubscriber consumes response body bytes and converts them into a higher-level Java type.
|
|
HttpResponse.PushPromiseHandler<T>
|
A handler for push promises.
|
|
HttpResponse.ResponseInfo
|
Initial response information supplied to a BodyHandler when a response is initially received and before the body is processed.
|
|
WebSocket
|
A WebSocket Client.
|
|
WebSocket.Builder
|
A builder of WebSocket Clients.
|
|
WebSocket.Listener
|
The receiving interface of WebSocket.
|
List of Classes
The following are the classes under the java.net.http package and used to create HttpClient and connect to the host.
|
Class
|
Description
|
|
HttpClient
|
An HTTP Client.
|
|
HttpHeaders
|
A read-only view of a set of HTTP headers.
|
|
HttpRequest
|
An HTTP request.
|
|
HttpRequest.BodyPublishers
|
Implementations of BodyPublisher that implement various useful publishers, such as publishing the request body from a String, or from a file.
|
|
HttpResponse.BodyHandlers
|
Implementations of BodyHandler that implement various useful handlers, such as handling the response body as a String, or streaming the response body to a file.
|
|
HttpResponse.BodySubscribers
|
Implementations of BodySubscriber that implement various useful subscribers, such as converting the response body bytes into a String, or streaming the bytes to a file.
|
Time for an Example:
In this example, we are sending a get request to "studytonight.com" by using HttpClient.
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.http.HttpClient.Redirect;
import java.net.http.HttpClient.Version;
import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
import java.net.http.HttpResponse.BodyHandlers;
import java.time.Duration;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.GET()
.uri(URI.create("https://www.studytonight.com"))
.build();
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.version(Version.HTTP_2)
.followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = httpClient.send(request, BodyHandlers.ofString());
System.out.println(response.statusCode());
}
}
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