C++ Using STL Unordered Multimap Program

Hello Everyone!

In this tutorial, we will learn about the concept of a Multimap in STL in the C++ programming language.

To understand the basic functionality of the Map Container in STL, we will recommend you to visit https://www.studytonight.com/cpp/stl/stl-container-map, where we have explained this concept in detail from scratch.

What is Multimap?

Multimap is similar to map with two additional functionalities:

1. Multiple elements can have the same or duplicate keys.

2. Multiple elements can have the same or duplicate key-value pair.

What is an Unordered Multimap?

It is the same as a Multimap except that it stores the key-values pairs in a random order unlike Multimap that stores the elements in sorted order of keys.

For a better understanding of its implementation, refer to the well-commented C++ code given below.

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

void showMultimap(unordered_multimap<int, string> mm)
{
    unordered_multimap<int, string>::iterator i;
    int j = 0;

    for (i = mm.begin(); i != mm.end(); i++)
    {
        cout << " Pair #" << ++j << ":( " << i->first << ", " << i->second << " )\n";
    }
}

int main()
{
    cout << "\n\nWelcome to Studytonight :-)\n\n\n";
    cout << " =====  Program to demonstrate the concept of Unordered Multimap, in CPP  ===== \n\n\n";

    cout << " Multimap is similar to map with two additional functionalities: \n1. Multiple elements can have same keys or \n2. Multiple elements can have same key-value pair.\n\n";

    cout << "**** Unordered Multimap internally uses a Hash table to order the elements. ****\n\n";

    //Unordered Multimap declaration (Unordered Multimap with key as integer and value as string)
    unordered_multimap<int, string> m;

    //Filling the elements by using the insert() method.
    cout << "Filling the Unordered Multimap with key-value pairs in random order."; //Unordered Multimap stores them in random order

    //make_pair() is used to insert a key value pair into the multimap: similar to map[key]=value format
    m.insert(make_pair(3, "Three"));
    m.insert(make_pair(20, "Twenty"));
    m.insert(make_pair(5, "five"));
    m.insert(make_pair(9, "ninety"));
    m.insert(make_pair(1, "one"));
    m.insert(make_pair(3, "three")); //duplicate key with different value
    m.insert(make_pair(3, "Three")); //the duplicate key-value pair

    cout << "\n\nThe number of elements in the Unordered Multimap are: " << m.size();

    cout << "\n\nThe elements of the Unordered Multimap m are:\n\n";
    showMultimap(m);

    cout << "\n\n\n";

    return 0;
}

Output:

We hope that this post helped you develop a better understanding of the concept of an Unordered Multimap Container in STL and its implementation in CPP. For any query, feel free to reach out to us via the comments section down below.

Keep Learning : )