Are you about to attend a critical interview and are curious what Selenium interview questions you will face?
We've compiled this list of the most often asked Selenium interview questions and answers to assist you in comprehending the complexity of the questions and addressing them confidently.
Additionally, they are prone to mistakes due to their manual aspect. Manual testing is ineffective in the long term, which is why automated testing tools like Selenium are gaining traction in the market. If you're interested in pursuing a job in automated testing and have a forthcoming Selenium interview, this blog is for you.
We will tackle the most often asked Selenium interview questions in this blog. These are for both beginners and experienced Selenium developers.
Q.1) Why should we use Selenium instead of another automated testing tool?
Selenium is an open-source project. In comparison to other automated solutions on the market, it is very simple to modify. As a result, many businesses choose Selenium automated testing over more conventional techniques.
Q.2) Describe some of the advantages of Selenium over tools such as TestComplete and QTP. Additionally, what are the drawbacks?
Unlike TestComplete and QTP, Selenium does not need a license, making it more cost-effective. The internet community is quite supportive. In comparison to TestComplete and QTP, the release cycles are shorter and the feedback is more immediate. Additionally, Selenium runs on Mac, Linux, and Windows.
On the other hand, Selenium demands a developer to possess advanced coding abilities. Whereas QTP and TestComplete, on the other hand, demand a low to moderate degree of coding expertise.
Q.3) What changes did the various Selenium version updates introduce?
Selenium's original version, Selenium v1, consisted of just three tool suites: Selenium IDE, RC, and Grid. Webdriver was not present. The Webdriver was introduced in Selenium's second version, Selenium v2. Selenium RC was then discontinued.
They are available on the market, but there is no support. Selenium v3 is the next version. It consists of three components: the Webdriver, the IDE, and the Grid. It is in use at the moment. Additionally, a newer version, Selenium v4, is now accessible.
Selenium IDE is primarily a recording and playback environment. The Webdriver is used to test dynamic web applications using a graphical user interface. The Grid is used to conduct testing on remote host computers.
You must use the integrated development environment (IDE) to record and replay tests. A WebDriver is used to test live web applications using a graphical user interface, while the Grid is used to deliver tests to isolated host computers.
Q.4) What are the different Selenium WebDriver exceptions?
Selenium, like any other programming language, has exceptions. Selenium WebDriver has the following exceptions:
- TimeoutException: This exception is thrown when a command fails to execute an action within the given time period.
- NoSuchElementException: This exception is thrown when the browser cannot locate an element with the specified properties on a web page.
- ElementNotVisibleException: This error is thrown when an element is present in the document object model but is not visible on the web page.
- StaleElementException: This error is thrown when an element is not bound to the document object model or is removed.
Q.5) Describe the Selenium exceptions test.
An exception test is an exception that you anticipate being thrown inside a test class. If you create a test case with the intention of throwing an exception, you must use the @test annotation and additionally specify which exception will be thrown in the parameters. For example,
@Test(expectedException = NoSuchElementException.class)
Q.6) Is an excel sheet required for a project? Is the answer yes, how?
During testing, Excel sheets are employed as a data source. Additionally, it saves the data set during data-driven testing. When Excel sheets are utilized as a data source, the following information may be stored:
Developers may provide the URL of the environment in which the testing is performed. For instance, a testing environment, a development environment, a quality assurance environment, a production environment, or a staging environment are all examples of environments.
User name and password information: Excel sheets may be used to securely store user names and passwords for a variety of contexts. To ensure the security of this information, developers may encrypt and store them.
Test cases: Developers may create a table in which one column contains the name of the test case and another indicates whether it should be run or not.
If you utilize Excel sheets for DataDriven Testing, you can simply store information for the numerous duplications that will be run throughout the tests. For instance, every data that must be entered into a text box during web page testing may be recorded in excel sheets.
Q.7) What is POM? What are its benefits?
POM is an abbreviation for Page Object Model. It is a design paradigm for storing web UI components in an Object Repository. Each web page in the application must have its own matching page class, which is responsible for looking for and performing actions on the WebElements included inside that page.
The following are the benefits of utilizing the Page object model:
- It improves readability by allowing developers to isolate operations and user interface flows from verification.
- Numerous tests may share one Object Repository due to its independence from Test Cases.
- The code is now reusable.
Q.8) What is a Page Factory?
Page Factory provides an upgraded approach for rapidly executing the Page Object Model by using memory efficiently and by utilizing object-oriented architecture.
The Page Factory initializes the Page Object's elements or instantiates the Page Objects. Additionally, annotations on items may be generated. Indeed, this is a superior method, since the characterizing qualities may be insufficiently expressive to distinguish one item from another.
Instead of using 'FindElements,' when POM is used without a page factory, @FindBy is utilized to locate WebElements, and initElements is used to initialize web elements from the Page Factory class.
@FindBy accepts tagName, name, partialLinkText, linkText, id, className, css, and xpath as parameters.
Q.9) How do you implement WebDriver synchronization? Alternatively, could you explain to us the many sorts of wait statements in Selenium Web Driver?
Selenium web driver has two wait statements, namely Implicit Wait and Explicit Wait.
Implicit wait instructs the WebDriver to poll the DOM for a brief period of time. Once the implicit wait is specified, it is there throughout the duration of the web driver instance. Zero is the default value. If you set it to a value greater than zero, the behaviour will query the DOM on a periodic basis, depending on the driver implementation.
Explicit wait instructs the execution to pause for a brief period until a specified condition is met, such as:
- elementToBeClickable
- presenceOfElementLocated
- elementToBeSelected
10) What use does JavaScriptExecutor serve?
JavaScriptExecutor may be used to execute JavaScript with Selenium Webserver. This technique is provided through an interface. It provides methods such as "executescript" and "executeAsyncScript" for running JavaScript in the current frame or window's state. As an elucidation of this, consider the following:
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript(Script,Arguments);
Q.11) Which Selenium method allows you to scroll down a website using JavaScript?
The window.scrollBy() method in Selenium enables you to scroll down the page using JavaScript. Consider the following:
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).
executeScript(“window.scrollBy(0,500”);
Q.12) Using Selenium, how do you manage mouse and keyboard actions?
Advanced User Interactions API is used to handle special mouse and keyboard activities. It consists of the Actions and Action Classes necessary to carry out these occurrences. The Action class provides the most frequently used mouse and keyboard events:
- dragAndDrop(): This event executes a click-and-hold at the source element's location and then moves.
- source, target(): Navigates to the target element's location and releases the mouse.
- clickAndHold(): This method clicks the mouse's current position.
Q.13) What are the multiple Selenium framework types?
Selenium frameworks are classified under the following categories:
- Keyword Driven Framework: In a keyword-driven framework, operations and instructions are stored in a separate file, such as Excel.
- Data-Driven Framework: This framework extracts complete test data from external source files such as XML, Excel, CSV, or another database table.
- Hybrid Framework: This framework combines the advantages of both the Keyword-Driven and Data-Driven frameworks.
Q.14) Identify many files that serve as a data source for different Selenium frameworks.
They may be in any of the following formats: XML, Excel, CSV, or even plain text.
Q.15) What is Selenese?
Selenese is a collection of Selenium commands that may be used to test a web application. Assertions, Actions, and Accessors are all available to developers. Assertions serve as reference points. Actions are used to execute commands, while Accessors are used to store the value of a variable.
Conclusion
We've reached the conclusion of our Selenium interview questions and answers guide. We hope it helped you get your dream job. Although experienced Selenium interview questions are more technical, with such tight competition for employment, it is always beneficial to be well prepared for an interview. Conclusion
