You can use the stored procedure sp_columns which would return information pertaining to all columns for a given table.
You can also do it by a SQL query. Some thing like this should help:
SELECT * FROM sys.columns WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.yourTableName')
Or a variation would be:
SELECT o.Name, c.Name
FROM sys.columns c
JOIN sys.objects o ON o.object_id = c.object_id
WHERE o.type = 'U'
ORDER BY o.Name, c.Name
This gets all columns from all tables, ordered by table name and then on column name.